Table 3 Mean scores of moral distress by baseline characteristics
From: Moral distress among maternal-fetal medicine fellows: a national survey study
Characteristic | N (%) | Validated questions Mean (SD) | Supplemental questions Mean (SD) |
|---|---|---|---|
Gender identity | |||
Female | 139 (78.5) | 90.1 (49.2)* | 26.6 (15.7) |
Male | 38 (21.5) | 70.4 (44.7)* | 21.6 (11.3) |
Race | |||
aAsian | 25 (14.1) | 92.4 (47.5) | 27.6 (15.1) |
aBlack or African American | 13 (7.3) | 77.5 (38.9) | 23.8 (10.8) |
aWhite | 126 (71.2) | 83.8 (49.2) | 24.7 (14.9 |
Other/prefer not to answer (missing) | 13 (7.3) | 102.0 (56.7) | 31.4 (19.1) |
Ethnicity | |||
Hispanic | 13 (7.3) | 92.5 (49.0) | 28.0 (16.3) |
Not Hispanic | 164 (92.7) | 85.3 (48.9) | 25.3 (14.9) |
Age (years) | |||
26–35 | 141 (79.7) | 87.2 (50.5) | 25.0 (14.3) |
36–55 | 36 (20.3) | 80.9 (42.1) | 27.6 (17.7) |
Training level | |||
PGY-5 | 50 (28.2) | 76.3 (48.2) | 20.9 (11.8)* |
PGY-6 | 69 (39.0) | 88.8 (49.9) | 28.5 (15.9)* |
PGY-7 or PGY-8 | 58 (32.8) | 90.6 (47.8) | 25.9 (15.6)* |
Region of practice | |||
Northeast | 67 (37.9) | 96.8 (52.4) | 23.7 (12.7) |
Southeast | 32 (18.1) | 82.5 (53.3) | 25.3 (16.8) |
Midwest | 37 (20.9) | 78.7 (36.6) | 26.2 (13.8) |
Southwest | 17 (9.6) | 83.9 (39.0) | 32.5 (12.7) |
West | 24 (13.6) | 72.4 (52.4) | 24.6 (20.6) |
Community type | |||
Suburban/Rural | 30 (16.9) | 87.8 (50.2) | 26.1 (14.6) |
Urban | 147 (83.1) | 76.4 (41.1) | 22.7 (16.9) |
Place of practice | |||
Academic-University based | 163 (92.1) | 86.4 (48.6) | 25.5 (15.1) |
Other (community, military) | 14 (7.9) | 79.9 (52.6) | 26.1 (14.0) |
Primary inpatient annual delivery volume | |||
5000 or less | 106 (59.9) | 85.7 (48.4) | 24.8 (14.0) |
More than 5000 | 71 (40.1) | 86.1 (49.9) | 26.5 (16.4) |
Identify as religious | |||
No | 116 (65.5) | 86.3 (49.7) | 24.3 (13.4) |
Yes | 58 (32.8) | 86.6 (46.3) | 27.5 (16.9) |
Prefer not to answer (missing) | 3 (1.7) | - | - |
If yes to above, level of religiosity | |||
High | 32 (55.2) | 83.0 (46.4) | 24.8 (15.6) |
Low | 25 (43.1) | 90.9 (47.7) | 31.4 (18.2) |
Missing | 1 (1.7) | - | - |
Identify with political party | |||
Yes | 129 (72.9) | 83.4 (46.2) | 24.0 (14.1) |
Democratic | 117 (90.7) | 84.5 (47.0) | 24.5 (14.4) |
Other | 12 (9.3) | 72.9 (37.8) | 19.5 (10.1) |
No | 43 (24.3) | 94.7 (55.7) | 28.5 (15.5) |
Prefer not to answer (missing) | 5 (2.8) | - | - |