Table 5 Student’s attitude to research misconduct and responsibilities

It is never appropriate to report experimental data that have been created without actually having conducted the experiment.

146

(91.25%)

851

(93.52%)

40

(97.56%)

294

(95.15%)

90

(95.74%)

1421

(93.86%)

It is never appropriate to alter experimental data to make an experiment look better than it actually was.

141

(88.13%)

850

(92.42%)

39

(95.12%)

291

(94.17%)

84

(89.36%)

1405

(92.80%)

It is never appropriate to try a variety of different methods of analysis until one is found that yields a result that is statistically significant.

102

(63.75%)

676

(73.41%)

30

(73.17%)

239

(77.35%)

66

(70.21%)

1113

(73.51%)

It is never appropriate to take credit for the words or writing of someone else.

146

(91.25%)

850

(92.20%)

39

(95.12%)

264

(85.44%)

85

(90.43%)

1384

(91.41%)

It is never appropriate to take credit for the data generated by someone else.

149

(93.13%)

858

(92.64%)

39

(95.12%)

296

(95.79%)

88

(93.62%)

1430

(94.45%)

It is never appropriate to take credit for the ideas generated by someone else.

143

(89.38%)

856

(92.09%)

40

(97.56%)

269

(87.06%)

85

(90.43%)

1393

(92.01%)

If you were confident of your findings, it is acceptable to selectively omit contradictory results to expedite publication.

58

(36.25%)

344

(37.03%)

17

(41.46%)

112

(36.25%)

34

(36.17%)

565

(37.32%)

If you were confident of your findings, it is acceptable to falsify or fabricate data to expedite publication.

56

(35.00%)

329

(35.27%)

15

(36.59%)

103

(33.33%)

30

(31.91%)

533

(35.20%)

It is more important that data reporting be completely truthful in a publication than in a grant application.

106

(66.25%)

575

(61.98%)

26

(63.41%)

218

(70.55%)

72

(76.60%)

997

(65.85%)

If you witness someone committing research misconduct, you have an ethical obligation to act.

122

(76.25%)

782

(84.29%)

31

(75.61%)

266

(86.08%)

64

(68.09%)

1265

(83.55%)

If you had witnessed a co-worker or peer committing research misconduct, you would be willing to report that misconduct to a responsible official.

100

(62.50%)

732

(78.79%)

27

(65.85%)

227

(73.46%)

61

(64.89%)

1147

(75.76%)

If you had witnessed a supervisor or principal investigator committing research misconduct, you would be willing to report that misconduct to a responsible official.

102

(63.75%)

730

(78.68%)

28

(68.29%)

225

(72.82%)

59

(62.77%)

1144

(75.56%)

If fabricated data are discovered in a published paper, all co-authors must equally share in the blame.

102

(63.75%)

650

(70.22%)

28

(68.29%)

221

(71.52%)

65

(69.15%)

1066

(70.41%)

If fabricated data are discovered in a published paper, all co-authors must receive the same punishment.

85

(53.13%)

607

(65.38%)

27

(65.85%)

178

(57.61%)

55

(58.51%)

952

(62.88%)

Scientific misconduct such as fabrication, falsification, or plagiarism is common in my area of research.

25

(15.63%)

116

(11.87%)

4

(9.76%)

27

(8.75%)

17

(18.09%)

189

(12.48%)

Other forms of scientific misconduct than fabrication, falsification, and plagiarism are common in my area of research

22

(13.75%)

114

(11.87%)

1

(2.44%)

30

(9.71%)

16

(17.02%)

183

(12.09%)

Authorship misconduct (inappropriate authorship) is common in my area of research

26

(16.50%)

116

(11.98%)

5

(12.20%)

38

(12.30%)

20

(21.28%)

205

(13.54%)

The risk of being detected if you commit scientific misconduct such as fabrication, falsification, or plagiarism in my area of research is high

84

(52.50%)

474

(50.77%)

18

(43.90%)

191

(61.81%)

36

(38.30%)

803

(53.04%)

The risk of being detected if you commit other types of scientific misconduct than fabrication, falsification, or plagiarism in my area of research is high

98

(61.25%)

570

(60.66%)

21

(51.22%)

216

(69.90%)

45

(47.87%)

950

(62.75%)

The risk of being detected if you commit authorship misconduct in my area of research is high

96

(60.00%)

568

(60.00%)

22

(53.66%)

213

(68.93%)

44

(46.81%)

943

(62.29%)

The consequences of being detected if you commit scientific misconduct such as fabrication, falsification, and plagiarism in my area of research are severe (loss of scientific career, loss of funding, retraction of publications)

118

(73.75%)

671

(71.54%)

26

(63.41%)

242

(78.32%)

54

(57.45%)

1111

(73.38%)

The consequences of being detected if you commit other types of scientific misconduct than fabrication, falsification, or plagiarism in my area of research are severe.

117

(73.13%)

675

(71.98%)

24

(58.54%)

243

(78.64%)

55

(58.51%)

1114

(73.58%)

The consequences of being detected if you commit authorship misconduct in my area of research are severe

105

(65.63%)

656

(69.56%)

22

(53.66%)

234

(75.73%)

53

(56.38%)

1070

(70.67%)