Table 2 Example of data analysis
From: Ethical challenges in organ transplantation for Syrian refugees in Türkiye
Main theme | Themes | Sub-themes | Example of meaning units |
|---|---|---|---|
Justice | Access to Healthcare | Migration | “…80% for my father. He had cirrhosis of the liver when he was in Syria…when there was no medicine…we came here…” |
Language Barrier | “Oh, language… it’s a big problem… I go and tell the doctor, but when the doctor says important things, I can’t understand…” | ||
Pre-Transplant Process | Reaching the Transplant Center | Language Barrier and Lack of Informition | “I had a friend in the neighborhood who spoke Arabic and he said, ‘why don’t you get organ transplantation?’ I said, ‘I know they don’t transplantation Syrians.’ He said, ‘no, they do…” |
Poor Socio-economic Conditions | “It took us a long time to recover financially and do the surgery, my mother was sending money.” | ||
Restriction on Free Movement | “(…) without a provincial ID card, we have difficulty getting permission… We go to the hospital in (…) province, get a referral from (…), go to the immigration office and get permission from there. | ||
Post-Transplant Process | Medical Follow-up Process | Language Barrier | “… where I didn’t understand I would make a voice recording on whatsapp and let my brother and sister-in-law listen to it…” |
Financial Challenges | “I had to come for a check-up every week … I was paying for the fare … We moved to (…)” | ||
Restriction on Free Movement | I cannot go to the doctor in (…) city (student). I can’t go because my residence is in (…), but I can go to the emergency room. I mean, if there is an emergency, I can go. If there is no emergency, I have to come to (…), where I have my registration of residence. | ||
Evaluation of Organ Transplantation Service | Comparison with Syrian Health System | “ To want better is rebellion against God. We feel like we’ve come from hell to heaven.” | |
Free Access to Organ Transplantation Services and Medicine | “When we go to the hospital, we are examined without an appointment…I didn’t pay anything before or after the transplant.” | ||
Autonomy | Being an Organ Donor/ Recipient | Motivation and Decision-making Process of the Donor | “When I went to visit him, his health was very bad. I asked him why he didn’t think about a kidney transplant. I said I could give you my kidney. I felt I had to give an organ.” |
Decision-making Process of the Recipient | “… I was going with one foot in front and one foot behind, I was very afraid for my mother and I was afraid that the surgery would fail… I both wanted and didn’t want…” | ||
Information Before the Decision to be a Donor | “…(…) The doctor told me the success rate is high… The mortality rate is 0.3%. I didn’t think about whether it would be successful or not because for my father…” | ||
Transplant Center Process | Informed Consent Process | Informing | “The operation documents were in Arabic and they informed us through an interpreter…. A few days ago they gave us the consent form for surgery to read… The doctor told us about the operation…about the follow-up after transplantation.” |
Ethics Committee | “…whether I was of my own free will, whether I was of sound mind… They asked if it was voluntary or forced.” | ||
Quality of Treatment/Care | Language Barrier | “...the doctor told us to bring him every month, his condition is critical. But the translator translated it as, ‘Your condition is normal; come for a check-up in three months’… The translator translated it wrong.” | |
Helpfulness of Health Professionals | “My mother was in Syria (donor). “…the doctor ordered some tests for my mother. Your mother can these tests done in Syria. God bless the doctor, he helped me.” |