Table 3 Awareness of patients and families about LST

Age (years)

57.1

14.68

53.14

13.57

1.4

0.160

Perceived health (0–10)

4.36

2.31

6.03

2.19

−3.69

< 0.001

n

%

n

%

Chi

p

Sex

Female

28

60.9

41

75.9

2.63

0.105

Male

18

39.1

13

24.1

Religion

Protestant

11

23.9

13

24.1

2.28

0.684

Catholic

3

6.5

7

13

Buddhism

11

23.9

10

18.5

Others

21

45.7

24

44.5

Marital

Single

7

15.2

11

20.4

6.53

0.088

status

Married

27

58.7

39

72.2

Widowed

7

15.2

2

3.7

Others

5

10.9

2

3.7

Economic

Satisfactory

6

13

9

16.7

3.62

0.459

status

Somewhat satisfactory

24

52.2

31

57.4

Somewhat unsatisfactory

14

30.4

9

16.7

Unsatisfactory

2

4.3

5

8.4

Awareness of the Act

Highly aware

14

30.4

17

31.5

2.61

0.455

Somewhat aware

19

41.3

28

51.9

Heard of it

10

21.7

8

14.8

Unaware

3

6.5

1

1.9

Advance LST statement signed

Yes

9

19.6

13

24.1

0.294

0.587

No

37

80.4

41

75.9

Suspension of meaningless LST

Agree

22

47.8

22

40.7

0.89

0.828

Somewhat agree

17

37

25

46.3

Somewhat disagree

6

13

6

11.1

Disagree

1

2.2

1

1.9

Who would you discuss suspending LST with

Spouse

14

30.5

25

46.3

2.652

0.753

Children

12

26.1

11

20.4

Parents/sibling

7

15.2

6

11.1

Friends

1

2.2

1

1.9

No one

12

26.1

11

20.4

Experience of participating in LST decisions for family

Yes

9

19.6

12

22.2

0.106

0.745

No

37

80.4

42

77.8

Components of meaningless LST you want to discontinue

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation

19

41.3

20

37

0.19

0.663

Ventilator

17

37

12

22.2

2.61

0.106

Hemodialysis

28

60.9

33

61.1

0.001

0.980

Chemotherapy

32

69.6

30

55.6

2.06

0.150

ECMO

23

50

18

33.3

2.85

0.091

Blood transfusion

31

67.4

36

66.7

0.006

0.939

Vasopressor

35

76.1

34

63

2.01

0.157

Parenteral nutrition

34

73.9

42

77.8

0.203

0.652

Oxygen therapy

26

56.5

37

68.5

1.534

0.216

Fluid therapy

36

78.3

39

72.2

0.483

0.487

Reasons for deciding to discontinue meaningless LST

Recovery possibility

8

17.4

13

24.1

0.719

0.869

Patient suffering

26

58.5

29

53.7

Family suffering

9

19.6

9

16.7

Economic burden

3

6.5

3

5.6

LST decided by family when the patient cannot

Agree

34

73.9

48

88.9

3.77

0.052

Disagree

12

26.1

6

11.1

Advance LST statement signed at admission

Definitely agree

17

37

27

50

5.36

0.147

Somewhat agree

20

43.5

24

44.4

Not likely

4

8.7

2

3.7

Definitely not

5

10.9

1

1.9

Time to sign the advance LST statement

When hospitalized for treatment

8

17.4

4

7.4

9.1

0.168

Critical condition but conscious

19

41.3

30

55.6

When diagnosed with a terminal illness

7

15.2

8

14.8

When hospice care is decided

8

17.4

6

11.1

When you are healthy

4

8.6

6

11.1

Who should decide the suspension of LST

Patient

34

73.9

42

77.8

0.458

0.795

Family members

10

21.7

9

16.7

Health professionals

2

4.3

3

5.6

Who explains LST to the patient at the end-of-life

Spouse

12

26.1

15

27.8

0.036

0.849

Children

7

15.2

11

20.4

0.447

0.504

Parents

1

2.2

4

7.4

1.432

0.231

Relatives/sibling

1

2.2

1

1.9

0.013

0.909

Health professionals

27

58.7

26

48.1

1.109

0.292

Others

1

2.2

0

0

1.186

0.276

When recovery is impossible, do you agree to discontinue LST?

Yes

32

69.6

47

87

4.571

0.102

No

6

13

3

5.6

Depends on situation

8

17.4

4

7.4

Who should make the decision about LST for those without immediate family

Primary physician

21

45.7

21

38.9

10.17

0.070

Hospital ethics committee

1

2.2

5

9.3

Doctor and ethics committee

15

32.6

26

48.1

Appointed social worker

4

8.7

1

1.9

Appointed guardian

2

4.3

1

1.9

Others responsible for the patient

4

8.6

1

1.9