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Table 3 Parameters affecting the mean total AI-concerns score

From: Ethical considerations and concerns in the implementation of AI in pharmacy practice: a cross-sectional study

Variable

Categories

Mean Total Concerns Score (%) ± SD

p-value*

Country of residence

Jordan

74.8 ± 12.1

0.005

Egypt

75.4 ± 12.4

Lebanon

75.3 ± 14.0

Libya

80.1 ± 11.7

Palestine

76.8 ± 8.8

Saudi Arabia

70.5 ± 9.6

Kuwait

75.5 ± 10.1

Occupation

Pharmacist

74.9 ± 14.8

0.239

Faculty members

76.3 ± 12.1

Gender

Males

74.4 ± 13.8

0.225

Females

76.0 ± 14.0

Material status

Single

75.9 ± 12.1

0.003

Married

76.2 ± 12.6

Others

72.7 ± 13.1

Monthly income

Lower class

76.0 ± 12.0

0.787

Middle class

75.2 ± 12.4

Upper class

76.5 ± 12.7

Sector

Governmental

75.4 ± 14.0

0.898

Private

75.3 ± 13.8

Educational level

Bachelor’s

76.4 ± 12.1

0.648

PharmD

72.7 ± 14.9

Master’s

75.6 ± 12.8

PhD

76.8 ± 11.6

Work status

Not working

92.2 ± 4.2

0.051

Full-time

74.9 ± 12.5

Part-time

77.1 ± 10.4

Self-employed

78.6 ± 14.2

Workplace

Community pharmacy

74.3 ± 12.7

0.007

Hospital pharmacy

74.7 ± 12.6

Drug store or company

86.0 ± 8.6

University

76.4 ± 12.1

Others

78.1 ± 13.5

Tech-savviness

Strongly disagree

68.0 ± 16.2

< 0.001

Disagree

73.2 ± 12.9

Neutral

74.6 ± 11.1

Agree

77.3 ± 12.3

Strongly agree

81.3 ± 11.4

Basic AI understanding

Strongly disagree

70.8 ± 14.9

< 0.001

Disagree

75.2 ± 12.0

Neutral

77.0 ± 10.8

Agree

78.4 ± 10.5

Strongly agree

82.0 ± 12.5

  1. * A p-value of less than 0.05 indicates statistical significance, calculated by either an independent t-test or ANOVA when appropriate