Fig. 4

Submission types for ethical approval. (a) Submission types for initial ethics applications at 35 university and state medical association ethics committees of the Cross-Sectoral Platform (SUEP) stated in absolute numbers. (b) Ethics application processing time according to the type of application (electronic or mail). Thirty-five initial applications and 63 amendment applications of the SUEP were considered (n = 98). Durations are shown in days from submission until the first response of the ethics committees